作者：廖燕  申卫东 李丽兰  李恒聪  李彬  吴国光

来源：中国输血杂志, 2010, 23(6): 424-429

背景和目的： 研究南宁地区人类血小板抗原基因分布频率，为临床同种免疫血小板减少症患者提供诊断依据和HPA 相容的成分血。

方法：采用序列特异性引物聚合酶链反应（PCR-SSP）对南宁地区1500名无血缘关系的成年人进行HPA 1-16bw基因分型的研究。在包含引物混合液的96孔反应板中，按照相同的循环条件进行PCR产物扩增。

结果：每份血标本均可在4小时内获得分型结果。在16个HPA系统中，HPA-15基因型杂合程度频率最高，HPA15a /15a, HPA15a /15b和HPA15b /15b的频率分别为0.2527，0.5007和0.2467。HPA-3的杂合程度仅次之,HPA3a/3a, HPA3a/3b 和HPA3b/3b的频率分别为0.2840，0.5080和0.2080。其余14个HPA系统均以a/a纯合子为主，其a基因频率范围为0.9167- 0.9993。除了HPA-3b/3b 和HPA-15b/15b的纯合子以外，还检测出了5例HPA-2b/2b和1例HPA-1b/1b的纯合子。HPA-7bw 到-14bw,-16bw的a/a等位基因纯合率为1.0000。

结论：在未来临床工作中我们仍须警惕可能由抗HPA-1,-2,-3,-5，-6和-15同种抗体引起的疾病，HPA基因分型将有助于更好地诊断同种免疫血小板减少症和建立相容的HPA血小板供者库，提供更有效地血小板输注方法。

Genetic frequency distribution of

Human Platelet Antigens 1-16bw in Nan-Ning Population

LiaoYanShen WeidongLi LilanLiHengcongLi BinWu Guoguang

Chin J Blood Transfusion, 2010, 23(6): 424-429

Objective: To study the genetic frequency distribution of human platelet antigens. These studys could provide diagnosis and HPA-matched blood components for patients of alloimmune thrombocytopetic syndromes.

Methods: Polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers（PCR-SSP） was employed for simultaneous HPA-1 to HPA-16bw genotyping. All PCR amplifications were carried out with identical thermo-cycle condition in 96-well plates containing primer mixture. A total of 1500 blood samples from unrelated adults in Nan-Ning were included in the study.

Results: The typing results were available within 4 hours each time for blood samples tested. Among the 16 HPA systems, HPA-15 had the greatest heterozygosity with a gene frequency of 0.2527, 0.5007 and 0.2467 for HPA-15a /15a, HPA-15a /15b, HPA-15b /15b, respectively; following with HPA-3 showed the heterozygosity with a gene frequency of 0.2840,0.5080,and 0.2080,respectively. For the remaining 14 HPAs, the predominance of a/a homozygosity was noted for HPA-1,-2,-4,-5 and -6, with a frequency ranging from 0.9167 to 0.9993.  Besides HPA-3b/3b and HPA-15b/15b homozygosity, five cases was detected as HPA-2b/2b homozygosity , only one case was found as HPA-1b/1b homozygosity in this study. The frequency of a/a homozygosity was 1.0000 for HPA-7bw to -14bw,-16bw.

Conclusion: We still have to be alert for the possible events caused by alloantibodies against HPA-1,-2,-3,-5,-6 and -15 in future clinical practice. HPA genotyping may facilitate better diagnosis of alloimmune thrombocytopenia and set up a useful HPA-matched plateletpheresis donor registry,therefore,a more effective platelet transfusion program.

本栏目负责人：黎海燕